Identifying Potential Biomarkers for Early Lung Cancer Detection
The University of the Philippines Diliman has made significant progress in the search for potential biomarkers for early lung cancer detection. Supported by the Department of Science and Technology and the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, this research aims to improve early diagnosis of lung cancer, which remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.
Lung cancer accounts for nearly two million deaths globally and caused over 20,500 deaths in the Philippines in 2022 alone, making it the deadliest cancer in the country. Early detection is crucial to improving survival rates, which is why identifying reliable biomarkers can play a vital role in managing this disease.
Research Approach and Findings
The research team focused on analyzing total protein levels in tumor tissues and the adjacent normal tissues from Filipino patients diagnosed with early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma lung adenocarcinoma (NSCLC LUAD)—the most common form of lung cancer. Biomarkers are biological indicators that help classify lung cancer subtypes, guide treatment decisions, and predict patient outcomes.
Using a method called quantitative proteomics, researchers examined over 4,400 proteins showing irregular expression in tumor tissues. These proteins are involved in critical processes such as protein production, carbohydrate metabolism, and glucose metabolism. The disruption of these functions may contribute to the progression of NSCLC.
Diagnostic Implications of Identified Biomarkers
Among the proteins studied, 33 were detected both in tissue samples and blood plasma of NSCLC patients, suggesting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. These proteins exhibited abnormal gene and protein expression levels, which were linked to poorer five-year survival rates for patients.
“These proteins can be tested for possible application in the diagnosis of NSCLC to complement existing diagnostic methods such as chest radiography, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scan, and bronchoscopic examination and significantly enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of detection,” explained one of the research leads.
The team is continuing efforts to develop these biomarkers for clinical use, hoping to provide doctors with better tools for early lung cancer detection and improved patient care.
Significance of Biomarkers in Lung Cancer Management
Potential biomarkers for early lung cancer detection are essential because they help detect the disease at a stage when treatment is more effective. Current diagnostic methods, while useful, have limitations in sensitivity and accuracy. Integrating these newly discovered protein biomarkers could bridge those gaps and potentially save lives through earlier intervention.
As lung cancer remains a major health challenge in the Philippines and worldwide, advances in identifying and validating biomarkers offer hope for better outcomes. This research not only enhances understanding of the disease but also paves the way for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
For more updates on lung cancer research, visit Filipinokami.com.